Income Taxes

Under changes made to the Internal Revenue Code by the recently enacted Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996, financial institutions, including banks, thrifts, and their parent holding companies, will be able to elect Subchapter S corporation status under the Code and generally receive pass-through tax treatment for federal income tax purposes if certain criteria are met. 

No formal application is required to be filed with the federal bank and thrift regulatory agencies merely as a result of the election by a bank, thrift, or parent holding company to become a Subchapter S corporation. However, certain steps taken by an institution or its shareholders to meet the criteria to qualify for Subchapter S status, particularly the limitations on the number and types of shareholders, may require applications or notices to the agencies. These submissions may include filings under the Change in Bank Control Act, the Bank Merger Act, the Bank Holding Company Act, the Savings and Loan Holding Company Act, or statutes governing reductions or retirements of capital stock by banks and thrifts. In some instances, filings with the agencies under the federal securities laws also may be necessary. 

Financial institutions and their shareholders should understand that distributions by a Subchapter S corporation, including distributions intended to cover a shareholder's personal tax liability for the shareholder's proportionate share of the taxable income of the institution, are dividends for federal regulatory purposes, including the prompt corrective action statute and its implementing regulations. Therefore, such distributions to shareholders may be restricted in amount or prohibited in some instances. 

Finally, the agencies understand that the Internal Revenue Service has yet to resolve certain tax issues relating to the application of the Subchapter S election by financial institutions. Accordingly, institutions are encouraged to undertake a careful review of these issues prior to making a Subchapter S election, and should obtain appropriate legal, accounting, and tax advice.