Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation

VI. Appendix B – More About the FDIC

FDIC Board of Directors

Acting Chairman Martin J. Gruenberg (seated), John C. Dugan, Thomas J. Curry, and John M. Reich (standing, l eft to right)

Martin J. Gruenberg

Martin J. Gruenberg was sworn in as Vice Chairman of the FDIC Board of Directors on August 22, 2005. He became Acting Chairman of the FDIC on November 15, 2005, upon the resignation of Chairman Donald Powell.

Mr. Gruenberg joined the Board after broad congressional experience in the financial services and regulatory areas. He had been Senior Counsel to Senator Paul S. Sarbanes (D-MD) since 1995 while the Senator was alternately Committee Chairman and Ranking Member on the U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Mr. Gruenberg advised the Senator on all issues of domestic and international financial regulation, monetary policy and trade. Mr. Gruenberg also served as Counsel to Senator Sarbanes from 1993 to 1994, advising him on all issues under the jurisdiction of the Banking Committee, and as Staff Director of the Banking Committee's Subcommittee on International Finance and Monetary Policy from 1987 to 1992. Mr. Gruenberg's congressional experience with finance and banking issues dates back to 1979.

Mr. Gruenberg holds a J.D. from Case Western Reserve Law School and an A.B. from Princeton University, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs.

Donald E. Powell

Donald E. Powell served as the 18th Chairman of the FDIC from August 29, 2001 until his resignation on November 15, 2005. Prior to being named the 18th Chairman of the FDIC, Mr. Powell – a life-long Texan – was President and CEO of The First National Bank of Amarillo, where he started his banking career in 1971.

In addition to his professional experience as a banker, Mr. Powell served on numerous boards at universities, civic associations, hospitals and charities. Mr. Powell has served as the Chairman of the Board of Regents of the Texas A&M University System, which has more than 90,000 students, the Chairman of the Amarillo Chamber of Commerce, and on the Advisory Board of the George Bush School of Government and Public Service.

He received his B.S. in economics from West Texas State University and is a graduate of The Southwestern Graduate School of Banking at Southern Methodist University.

Thomas J. Curry

Mr. Curry took office as a member of the FDIC Board of Directors on January 12, 2004. Previously, he had served five Massachusetts Governors as the Commonwealth's Commissioner of Banks, from 1995 to 2003. He served as Acting Commissioner from 1994 to 1995, and as First Deputy Commissioner from 1987 to 1994.

Mr. Curry is Chairman of the Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation. Mr. Curry was also Chairman of the Conference of State Bank Supervisors from 2000 to 2001, and a member of the State Liaison Committee of the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council from 1996 to 2003.

Mr. Curry joined the Commonwealth's Division of Banks in 1986. He entered state government in 1982 as an attorney with the Massachusetts Secretary of State's Office.

Mr. Curry is a graduate of Manhattan College (summa cum laude), where he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa. He received his law degree from the New England School of Law.

John C. Dugan

Mr. Dugan was sworn in as the 29th Comptroller of the Currency on August 4, 2005. As Comptroller, Mr. Dugan serves as an ex-officio member of the FDIC Board.

Prior to his appointment as Comptroller, Mr. Dugan was a partner at the law firm of Covington & Burling, where he chaired the firm's Financial Institutions Group, specializing in banking and financial institution regulation. He also served as outside counsel to the ABA Securities Association.

He served at the Department of Treasury from 1989 to 1993 and was appointed assistant secretary for domestic finance in 1992. In 1991, he oversaw a comprehensive study of the banking industry that formed the basis for the financial modernization legislation proposed by the administration of the first President Bush. From 1985 to 1989, Mr. Dugan was minority counsel and minority general counsel for the U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs.

Among his professional and volunteer activities before becoming Comptroller, he served as a director of Minbanc, a charitable organization whose mission is to enhance professional and educational opportunities for minorities in the banking industry. He is also a member of the American Bar Association's committee on banking law, the Federal Bar Association's Section of Financial Institutions and the Economy, and the District of Columbia Bar Association's Section of Corporations, Finance, and Securities Laws.

A graduate of the University of Michigan in 1977 with an A.B. in English literature, Mr. Dugan also earned his J.D. from Harvard Law School in 1981.

Julie L. Williams

Ms. Williams served as Acting Comptroller of the Currency, and a member of the FDIC Board of Directors, from October 14, 2004 until the confirmation of Mr. John C. Dugan as Comptroller of the Currency on August 4, 2005. Ms. Williams has been First Senior Deputy Comptroller since 1999 and also Chief Counsel of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) since 1994. She was also Acting Comptroller from April to December 1998.

As Chief Counsel, Ms. Williams was responsible for all of the OCC's legal activities and also supervised the Licensing Department and the Community Affairs Department. Ms. Williams served as a member of the OCC's Executive Committee. She has led the Executive Committee in providing policy and strategic direction to the agency.

Ms. Williams is a graduate of Goddard College, Vermont, and graduated first in her class at Antioch School of Law, Washington, DC. She is the author of numerous articles on banking, securities and financial institutions law.

John M. Reich

John M. Reich was sworn in as Director of the Office of Thrift Supervision (OTS) on August 9, 2005. In this capacity, Mr. Reich who formerly served as Vice Chairman of the FDIC Board of Directors will continue to serve as an FDIC Board member.

Mr. Reich served as Vice Chairman of the FDIC Board of Directors from November 2002 until his appointment as Director of OTS. He has been a member of the FDIC Board since January 2001. He also served as Acting Chairman of the FDIC from July to August 2001.

Prior to coming to Washington, DC, Mr. Reich spent 23 years as a community banker in Illinois and Florida, including 10 years as President and CEO of the National Bank of Sarasota, in Sarasota, Florida.

Mr. Reich also served 12 years on the staff of U.S. Senator Connie Mack (R-FL), before joining the FDIC. From 1998 through 2000, he was Senator Mack's Chief of Staff, directing and overseeing all of the Senator's offices and committee activities, including those at the Senate Banking Committee.

Mr. Reich's community service includes serving as Chairman of the Board of Trustees of a public hospital facility in Ft. Myers, FL, and as Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Sarasota Family YMCA. He has also served as a Board member for a number of civic organizations, and was active for many years in youth baseball programs.

Mr. Reich holds a B.S. degree from Southern Illinois University and an M.B.A. from the University of South Florida. He is also a graduate of Louisiana State University's School of Banking of the South.

James E. Gilleran

Mr. Gilleran became Director of the Office of Thrift Supervision (OTS) on December 7, 2001. As OTS Director, Mr. Gilleran was an ex-officio member of the FDIC Board until his resignation on April 29, 2005.

Mr. Gilleran was Chairman and CEO of the Bank of San Francisco from October 1994 until December 2000. From 1989 to 1994, he was the California State Banking Superintendent. He served as Chairman of the Conference of State Bank Supervisors (CSBS) from 1993 to 1994, and was a member of the CSBS's Bankers Advisory Council until 2000.

Mr. Gilleran is a certified public accountant and a member of the American Institute of CPAs. He graduated from Pace University in 1955, and received his law degree from Northwestern California University in 1996.