2016 Annual Report
V. Financial Section
Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF)
(Dollars in Thousands) | 2016 | 2015 |
---|---|---|
Assets | ||
Cash and cash equivalents | $1,332,966 | $876,344 |
Investment in U.S. Treasury securities, (Note 3) | 73,511,953 | 62,496,959 |
Assessments receivable, net (Note 9) | 2,666,267 | 2,172,472 |
Interest receivable on investments and other assets, net | 526,195 | 417,871 |
Receivables from resolutions, net (Note 4) | 7,790,403 | 11,578,079 |
Property and equipment, net (Note 5) | 357,575 | 378,250 |
Total Assets | $86,185,359 | $77,919,975 |
Liabilities | ||
Accounts payable and other liabilities | $238,322 | $272,571 |
Liabilities due to resolutions (Note 6) | 2,073,375 | 4,419,195 |
Postretirement benefit liability (Note 12) | 232,201 | 233,000 |
Contingent liabilities: | ||
Anticipated failure of insured institutions (Note 7) | 477,357 | 394,588 |
Litigation losses and other (Note 7 and 8) | 2,589 | 386 |
Total Liabilities | 3,023,844 | 5,319,740 |
Commitments and off-balance-sheet exposure (Note 13) | ||
Fund Balance | ||
Accumulated Net Income | 83,166,991 | 72,643,474 |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | ||
Unrealized gain (loss) on U.S. Treasury securities, net (Note 3) | 20,271 | (9,191) |
Unrealized postretirement benefit loss (Note 12) | (25,747) | (34,048) |
Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | (5,476) | (43,239) |
Total Fund Balance | 83,161,515 | 72,600,235 |
Total Liabilities and Fund Balance | $86,185,359 | $77,919,975 |
Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF)
(Dollars in Thousands) | 2016 | 2015 |
---|---|---|
Revenue | ||
Assessments (Note 9) | $9,986,615 | $8,846,843 |
Interest on U.S. Treasury securities | 671,377 | 422,782 |
Other revenue | 16,095 | 33,913 |
Total Revenue | 10,674,087 | 9,303,538 |
Expenses and Losses | ||
Operating expenses (Note 10) | 1,715,011 | 1,687,234 |
Provision for insurance losses (Note 11) | (1,567,950) | (2,251,320) |
Insurance and other expenses | 3,509 | 10,936 |
Total Expenses and Losses | 150,570 | (553,150) |
Net Income | 10,523,517 | 9,856,688 |
Other Comprehensive Income | ||
Unrealized gain (loss) on U.S. Treasury securities, net | 29,462 | (60,333) |
Unrealized postretirement benefit loss (Note 12) | 8,301 | 23,703 |
Total Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | 37,763 | (36,630) |
Comprehensive Income | 10,561,280 | 9,820,058 |
Fund Balance - Beginning | 72,600,235 | 62,780,177 |
Fund Balance - Ending | $83,161,515 | $72,600,235 |
Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF)
(Dollars in Thousands) | 2016 | 2015 |
---|---|---|
Operating Activities Provided by: |
||
Assessments | $9,488,215 | $8,677,795 |
Interest on U.S. Treasury securities | 1,523,215 | 2,064,836 |
Recoveries from financial institution resolutions | 3,601,149 | 6,329,454 |
Miscellaneous receipts | 16,057 | 147,001 |
Used by: | ||
Operating expenses | (1,671,768) | (1,631,297) |
Disbursements for financial institution resolutions | (502,716) | (2,282,721) |
Miscellaneous disbursements | (8,998) | (107,478) |
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities | 12,445,154 | 13,197,590 |
Investing Activities Provided by: |
||
Maturity of U.S. Treasury securities | 26,517,122 | 19,590,780 |
Used by: | ||
Purchase of U.S. Treasury securities | (38,474,320) | (33,766,067) |
Purchase of property and equipment | (31,334) | (60,479) |
Net Cash (Used) by Investing Activities | (11,988,532) | (14,235,766) |
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents | 456,622 | (1,038,176) |
Cash and Cash Equivalents - Beginning | 876,344 | 1,914,520 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents - Ending | $1,332,966 | $876,344 |
DEPOSIT INSURANCE FUND
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2016 and 2015
1. OPERATIONS OF THE DEPOSIT INSURANCE FUND
OVERVIEW
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) is the independent deposit insurance agency created by Congress in 1933 to maintain stability and public confidence in the nation’s banking system. Provisions that govern the FDIC’s operations are generally found in the Federal Deposit Insurance (FDI) Act, as amended (12 U.S.C. 1811, et seq ). In accordance with the FDI Act, the FDIC, as administrator of the Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF), insures the deposits of banks and savings associations (insured depository institutions). In cooperation with other federal and state agencies, the FDIC promotes the safety and soundness of insured depository institutions (IDIs) by identifying, monitoring, and addressing risks to the DIF. Commercial banks, savings banks and savings associations (known as “thrifts”) are supervised by either the FDIC, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, or the Federal Reserve Board.
In addition to being the administrator of the DIF, the FDIC is the administrator of the FSLIC Resolution Fund (FRF). The FRF is a resolution fund responsible for the sale of the remaining assets and the satisfaction of the liabilities associated with the former Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation (FSLIC) and the former Resolution Trust Corporation. The FDIC maintains the DIF and the FRF separately to support their respective functions.
Pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (Dodd-Frank Act), the FDIC also manages the Orderly Liquidation Fund (OLF). Established as a separate fund in the U.S. Treasury (Treasury), the OLF is inactive and unfunded until the FDIC is appointed as receiver for a covered financial company. A covered financial company is a failing financial company (for example, a bank holding company or nonbank financial company) for which a systemic risk determination has been made as set forth in section 203 of the Dodd-Frank Act.
The Dodd-Frank Act (Public Law 111-203) granted the FDIC authority to establish a widely available program to guarantee obligations of solvent IDIs or solvent depository institution holding companies (including affiliates) upon the systemic risk determination of a liquidity event during times of severe economic distress. The program would not be funded by the DIF but rather by fees and assessments paid by all participants in the program. If fees are insufficient to cover losses or expenses, the FDIC must impose a special assessment on participants as necessary to cover the shortfall. Any excess funds at the end of the liquidity event program would be deposited in the General Fund of the Treasury.
The Dodd-Frank Act also created the Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC) of which the Chairman of the FDIC is a member and expanded the FDIC’s responsibilities to include supervisory review of resolution plans (known as living wills) and backup examination authority for systemically important bank holding companies and nonbank financial companies. The living wills provide for an entity’s rapid and orderly resolution in the event of material financial distress or failure.
OPERATIONS OF THE DIF
The primary purposes of the DIF are to (1) insure the deposits and protect the depositors of IDIs and (2) resolve failed IDIs upon appointment of the FDIC as receiver in a manner that will result in the least possible cost to the DIF.
The DIF is primarily funded from deposit insurance assessments. Other available funding sources, if necessary, are borrowings from the Treasury, the Federal Financing Bank (FFB), Federal Home Loan Banks, and IDIs. The FDIC has borrowing authority of $100 billion from the Treasury and a Note Purchase Agreement with the FFB, not to exceed $100 billion, to enhance the DIF’s ability to fund deposit insurance.
A statutory formula, known as the Maximum Obligation Limitation (MOL), limits the amount of obligations the DIF can incur to the sum of its cash, 90 percent of the fair market value of other assets, and the amount authorized to be borrowed from the Treasury. The MOL for the DIF was $182.1 billion and $171.0 billion as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
OPERATIONS OF RESOLUTION ENTITIES
The FDIC is responsible for managing and disposing of the assets of failed institutions in an orderly and efficient manner. The assets held by receiverships, pass-through conservatorships, and bridge institutions (collectively, resolution entities), and the claims against them, are accounted for separately from the DIF assets and liabilities to ensure that proceeds from these entities are distributed according to applicable laws and regulations. Therefore, income and expenses attributable to resolution entities are accounted for as transactions of those entities. The FDIC bills resolution entities for services provided on their behalf.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
GENERAL
The financial statements include the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows of the DIF and are presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). These statements do not include reporting for assets and liabilities of resolution entities because these entities are legally separate and distinct, and the DIF does not have any ownership or beneficial interests in them. Periodic and final accounting reports of resolution entities are furnished to courts, supervisory authorities, and others upon request.
USE OF ESTIMATES
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenue and expenses, and disclosure of contingent liabilities. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Where it is reasonably possible that changes in estimates will cause a material change in the financial statements in the near term, the nature and extent of such potential changes in estimates have been disclosed. The more significant estimates include the assessments receivable and associated revenue; the allowance for loss on receivables from resolutions (which considers the impact of shared-loss agreements); the guarantee obligations for structured transactions; the postretirement benefit obligation; and the estimated losses for anticipated failures and representations and indemnifications.
CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash equivalents are short-term, highly liquid investments consisting primarily of U.S. Treasury Overnight Certificates.
INVESTMENT IN U.S. TREASURY SECURITIES
The FDI Act requires that the DIF funds be invested in obligations of the United States or in obligations guaranteed as to principal and interest by the United States. The Secretary of the Treasury must approve all such investments in excess of $100,000 and has granted the FDIC approval to invest the DIF funds only in U.S. Treasury obligations that are purchased or sold exclusively through the Bureau of the Fiscal Service’s Government Account Series program.
The DIF’s investments in U.S. Treasury securities are classified as available-for-sale (AFS). Securities designated as AFS are shown at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses are reported as other comprehensive income. Realized gains and losses are included in the Statement of Income and Fund Balance as components of net income. Income on securities is calculated and recorded daily using the effective interest or straight-line method depending on the maturity of the security (see Note 3).
REVENUE RECOGNITION FOR ASSESSMENTS
Assessment revenue is recognized for the quarterly period of insurance coverage based on an estimate. The estimate is derived from an institution’s regular risk-based assessment rate and assessment base for the prior quarter adjusted for the current quarter’s available assessment credits, certain changes in supervisory examination ratings for larger institutions, as well as modest assessment base growth and average assessment rate adjustment factors. Beginning July 1, 2016, the estimate includes a surcharge for institutions with greater than $10 billion in total consolidated assets (see Note 9). At the subsequent quarter-end, the estimated revenue amounts are adjusted when actual assessments for the covered period are determined for each institution.
CAPITAL ASSETS AND DEPRECIATION
The FDIC buildings are depreciated on a straight-line basis over a 35- to 50-year estimated life. Building improvements are capitalized and depreciated over the estimated useful life of the improvements. Leasehold improvements are capitalized and depreciated over the lesser of the remaining life of the lease or the estimated useful life of the improvements, if determined to be material. Capital assets depreciated on a straight-line basis over a five-year estimated useful life include mainframe equipment; furniture, fixtures, and general equipment; and internal-use software. Computer equipment is depreciated on a straight-line basis over a three-year estimated useful life (see Note 5).
PROVISION FOR INSURANCE LOSSES
The provision for insurance losses primarily represents changes in the allowance for losses on receivables from closed banks and the contingent liability for anticipated failures of insured institutions (see Note 11).
REPORTING ON VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
The FDIC receiverships engaged in structured transactions, some of which resulted in the issuance of note obligations that were guaranteed by the FDIC, in its corporate capacity. As the guarantor of note obligations for several structured transactions, the FDIC, in its corporate capacity, holds an interest in many variable interest entities (VIEs). The FDIC conducts a qualitative assessment of its relationship with each VIE as required by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 810, Consolidation. These assessments are conducted to determine if the FDIC, in its corporate capacity, has (1) power to direct the activities that most significantly affect the economic performance of the VIE and (2) an obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. When a variable interest holder has met both of these characteristics, the enterprise is considered the primary beneficiary and must consolidate the VIE.
In accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 810, an assessment of the terms of the legal agreement for each VIE was conducted to determine whether any of the terms had been activated or modified in a manner that would cause the FDIC, in its corporate capacity, to be characterized as a primary beneficiary. In making that determination, consideration was given to which, if any, activities were significant to each VIE. Often, the right to service collateral, to liquidate collateral, or to unilaterally dissolve the VIE was determined to be the most significant activity. In other cases, it was determined that the structured transactions did not include such significant activities and that the design of the entity was the best indicator of which party was the primary beneficiary.
The conclusion of these analyses was that the FDIC, in its corporate capacity, has not engaged in any activity that would cause the FDIC to be characterized as a primary beneficiary to any VIE with which it was involved as of December 31, 2016 and 2015. Therefore, consolidation is not required for the 2016 and 2015 DIF financial statements. In the future, the FDIC, in its corporate capacity, may become the primary beneficiary upon the activation of provisional contract rights that extend to the FDIC if payments are made on guarantee claims. Ongoing analyses will be required to monitor consolidation implications under FASB ASC Topic 810.
The FDIC’s involvement with VIEs is fully described in Note 8 under FDIC Guaranteed Debt of Structured Transactions.
RELATED PARTIES
The nature of related parties and a description of related party transactions are discussed in Note 1 and disclosed throughout the financial statements and footnotes.
DISCLOSURE ABOUT RECENT RELEVANT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In January 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-01, Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The ASU addresses certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments through targeted changes to existing guidance. The FDIC has determined that the ASU, which is effective for the DIF beginning on January 1, 2019, will not have a material effect on the financial position of the DIF or its results of operations.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02 , Leases (Topic 842). The new guidance requires that substantially all leases will be reported on the balance sheet through the recognition of a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability. The ASU also requires lessees and lessors to expand qualitative and quantitative disclosures and key information regarding their leasing arrangements. The standard is effective for the DIF on January 1, 2020, with early adoption allowed. The FDIC does not expect the ASU to have a material effect on the DIF’s financial position or its results of operations. The FDIC will continue analyzing the full impact of the ASU.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The ASU will replace the incurred loss impairment model with a new expected credit loss model for financial assets measured at amortized cost and for off-balance-sheet credit exposures. The guidance also amends the AFS debt securities impairment model by requiring the use of an allowance to record estimated credit losses (and subsequent recoveries) related to AFS debt securities. The ASU is effective for the DIF on January 1, 2021. The FDIC is assessing the effect the ASU will have on the DIF’s financial position and results of operations.
Other recent accounting pronouncements have been deemed not applicable or material to the financial statements as presented.
3. INVESTMENT IN U.S. TREASURY securitieS
The “Investment in U.S. Treasury securities” line item on the Balance Sheet consisted of the following components by maturity (in millions).
Maturity | Yield at Purchase1 |
Face Value |
Net Carrying Amount |
Unrealized Holding Gains |
Unrealized Holding Losses |
Fair Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
U.S. Treasury notes and bonds | ||||||
Within 1 year | 0.87% | $32,0312 | $32,365 | $25 | $(5) | $32,385 |
After 1 year through 5 years | 1.38% | $40,525 | $40,707 | $92 | $(94) | $40,705 |
Subtotal | $72,556 | $73,072 | $117 | $(99) | $73,090 | |
U.S. Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities | ||||||
After 1 year through 5 years | -0.14% | $400 | $420 | $2 | $0 | $422 |
Subtotal | $400 | $420 | $2 | $0 | $422 | |
Total | $72,956 | $73,492 | $119 | $(99)3 | $73,512 |
Maturity | Yield at Purchase1 |
Face Value |
Net Carrying Amount |
Unrealized Holding Gains |
Unrealized Holding Losses |
Fair Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
U.S. Treasury notes and bonds | ||||||
Within 1 year | 0.54% | $21,495 | $21,816 | $3 | $(18) | $21,801 |
After 1 year through 5 years | 1.19% | $39,881 | $39,952 | $55 | $(44) | $39,963 |
Subtotal | $61,376 | $61,768 | $58 | $(62) | $61,764 | |
U.S. Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities | ||||||
Within 1 year | -0.80% | $300 | $324 | $0 | $(2) | $322 |
After 1 year through 5 years | -0.14% | $400 | $414 | $0 | $(3) | $411 |
Subtotal | $700 | $738 | $0 | $(5) | $733 | |
Total | $62,076 | $62,506 | $58 | $(67)2 | $62,497 |
4. RECEIVABLES FROM RESOLUTIONS, NET
The receivables from resolutions result from DIF payments to cover obligations to insured depositors (subrogated claims), advances to resolution entities for working capital, and administrative expenses paid on behalf of resolution entities. Any related allowance for loss represents the difference between the funds advanced and/or obligations incurred and the expected repayment. Estimated future payments on losses incurred on assets sold to an acquiring institution under a shared-loss agreement (SLA) are factored into the computation of the expected repayment. Assets held by DIF resolution entities (including structured transaction-related assets; see Note 8) are the main source of repayment of the DIF’s receivables from resolutions. The “Receivables from resolutions, net” line item on the Balance Sheet consisted of the following components (in thousands).
December 31 2016 |
December 31 2015 |
|
---|---|---|
Receivables from closed banks | $80,314,038 | $88,858,877 |
Allowance for losses | (72,523,635) | (77,280,798) |
Total | $7,790,403 | $11,578,079 |
As of December 31, 2016, the FDIC had 378 active receiverships, including five established in 2016. The DIF resolution entities held assets with a book value of $14.9 billion as of December 31, 2016, and $20.8 billion as of December 31, 2015 (including $11.6 billion and $16.0 billion, respectively, of cash, investments, receivables due from the DIF, and other receivables). Ninety-nine percent of the current asset book value of $14.9 billion is held by resolution entities established since the beginning of 2008.
Estimated cash recoveries from the management and disposition of assets that are used to determine the allowance for losses are based on asset recovery rates from several sources, including actual or pending institution-specific asset disposition data, failed institution-specific asset valuation data, aggregate asset valuation data on several recently failed or troubled institutions, sampled asset valuation data, and empirical asset recovery data based on failures since 1990. Methodologies for determining the asset recovery rates incorporate estimating future cash recoveries, net of applicable liquidation cost estimates, and discounting based on market-based risk factors applicable to a given asset’s type and quality. The resulting estimated cash recoveries are then used to derive the allowance for loss on the receivables from these resolutions.
For failed institutions resolved using a whole bank purchase and assumption transaction with an accompanying SLA, the projected future shared-loss payments on the covered residential and commercial loan assets sold to the acquiring institution under the agreement are considered in determining the allowance for loss on the receivables from these resolutions. The shared-loss cost projections are based on the covered assets’ intrinsic value, which is determined using financial models that consider the quality, condition and type of covered assets, current and future market conditions, risk factors, and estimated asset holding periods. For year-end 2016, the shared-loss cost estimates were updated for all 148 receiverships with active SLAs. The updated shared-loss cost projections for the larger residential shared-loss agreements were primarily based on third-party valuations estimating the cumulative loss of covered assets. The updated shared-loss cost projections on the remaining residential shared-loss agreements were based on a stratified random sample of institutions selected for third-party loss estimations, and valuation results from the sampled institutions were aggregated and extrapolated to the non-sampled institutions by asset type and performance status. For the remaining commercial covered assets, shared-loss cost projections were based on the FDIC’s historical loss experience that also factors in the time period based on the life of the agreement.
Also reflected in the allowance for loss calculation are end- of-agreement SLA “true-up” recoveries. True-up recoveries are projected to be received at expiration in accordance with the terms of the SLA, if actual losses at expiration are lower than originally estimated.
Note that estimated asset recoveries are regularly evaluated during the year, but remain subject to uncertainties because of potential changes in economic and market conditions, which may cause the DIF’s actual recoveries to vary significantly from current estimates.
WHOLE BANK PURCHASE AND ASSUMPTION TRANSACTIONS WITH SHARED-LOSS AGREEMENTS
Since the beginning of 2008 through 2013, the FDIC resolved 304 failures using whole bank purchase and assumption resolution transactions with accompanying SLAs on total assets of $216.5 billion purchased by the financial institution acquirers. The acquirer typically assumed all of the deposits and purchased essentially all of the assets of a failed institution. The majority of the commercial and residential loan assets were purchased under an SLA, where the FDIC agreed to share in future losses and recoveries experienced by the acquirer on those assets covered under the agreement.
Losses on the covered assets of failed institutions are shared between the acquirer and the FDIC, in its receivership capacity, when losses occur through the sale, foreclosure, loan modification, or charge-off of loans under the terms of the SLA. The majority of the agreements cover commercial and single-family loans over a five- to ten-year shared-loss period, respectively, with the receiver covering 80 percent of the losses incurred by the acquirer and the acquiring institution covering 20 percent. Prior to March 26, 2010, most SLAs included a threshold amount, above which the receiver covered 95 percent of the losses incurred by the acquirer. Recoveries by the acquirer on covered commercial and single-family SLA losses are also shared over an eight- to ten-year period, respectively. Note that future recoveries on SLA losses are not factored into the DIF allowance for loss calculation because the amount and timing of such receipts are not determinable.
The estimated shared-loss liability is accounted for by the receiver and is included in the calculation of the DIF’s allowance for loss against the corporate receivable from the resolution. As shared-loss claims are asserted and proven, DIF receiverships satisfy these shared-loss payments using available liquidation funds and/or by drawing on amounts due from the DIF for funding the deposits assumed by the acquirer (see Note 6).
Shared-loss transactions are summarized as follows (in thousands).
December 31 2016 |
December 31 2015 |
|
---|---|---|
Payments for shared-loss agreements to date | $34,149,990 | $33,475,276 |
Recoveries from shared-loss agreements to date | (5,161,366) | (4,468,296) |
Net shared-loss payments made to date | $28,988,624 | $29,006,980 |
Projected shared-loss payments, net of “true-up” recoveries | $966,063 | $1,560,124 |
Total remaining shared loss covered assets | $20,807,196 | $31,478,451 |
The $10.7 billion reduction in the remaining shared-loss covered assets from 2015 to 2016 is primarily due to the liquidation of covered assets from active SLAs, expiration of loss coverage for 42 commercial loan SLAs, and early termination of SLAs impacting 67 receiverships during 2016.
CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK
Financial instruments that potentially subject the DIF to concentrations of credit risk are receivables from resolutions. The repayment of these receivables is primarily influenced by recoveries on assets held by DIF receiverships and payments on the covered assets under SLAs. The majority of the remaining assets in liquidation ($3.3 billion) and current shared-loss covered assets ($20.8 billion), which together total $24.1 billion, are concentrated in commercial loans ($1.0 billion), residential loans ($19.8 billion), and structured transaction-related assets ($2.6 billion) as described in Note 8. Most of the assets originated from failed institutions located in California ($11.7 billion), Florida ($2.6 billion), Puerto Rico ($2.5 billion), Ohio ($2.3 billion), Texas ($1.5 billion), and Illinois ($0.7 billion).
5. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
Depreciation expense was $50 million and $52 million for 2016 and 2015, respectively. The “Property and equipment, net” line item on the Balance Sheet consisted of the following components (in thousands).
December 31 2016 |
December 31 2015 |
|
---|---|---|
Land | $37,352 | $37,352 |
Buildings (including building and leasehold improvements) | 348,008 | 342,267 |
Application software (includes work-in-process) | 127,113 | 132,280 |
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment | 69,624 | 73,432 |
Accumulated depreciation | (224,522) | (207,081) |
Total | $357,575 | $378,250 |
6. LIABILITIES DUE TO RESOLUTIONS
As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the DIF recorded liabilities totaling $2.1 billion and $4.4 billion, respectively, to resolution entities representing the agreed-upon value of assets transferred from the receiverships, at the time of failure, to the acquirers/bridge institutions for use in funding the deposits assumed by the acquirers/bridge institutions. Seventy-eight percent of these liabilities are due to failures resolved under whole-bank purchase and assumption transactions, most with an accompanying SLA. The DIF satisfies these liabilities either by sending cash directly to a receivership to fund shared-loss and other expenses or by offsetting receivables from resolutions when a receivership declares a dividend.
7. CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
Anticipated Failure of Insured Institutions
The DIF records a contingent liability and a loss provision for DIF-insured institutions that are likely to fail when the liability is probable and reasonably estimable, absent some favorable event such as obtaining additional capital or merging. The contingent liability is derived by applying expected failure rates and loss rates to the institutions based on supervisory ratings, balance sheet characteristics, and projected capital levels.
The banking industry’s financial condition and performance were generally positive in 2016. According to the quarterly financial data submitted by DIF-insured institutions, the industry’s capital levels continued to improve, and the percentage of total loans that were noncurrent at September 30 fell to its lowest level since year-end 2007. The industry reported total net income of $128 billion for the first nine months of 2016, an increase of 3.8 percent over the comparable period one year ago.
Losses to the DIF from failures that occurred in 2016 were lower than the contingent liability at the end of 2015, as the aggregate number and cost of institution failures were less than anticipated. However, the contingent liability increased from $395 million at December 31, 2015 to $477 million at December 31, 2016, due to the deterioration in the financial condition of certain troubled institutions.
In addition to the recorded contingent liabilities, the FDIC has identified risks in the financial services industry that could result in additional losses to the DIF, should potentially vulnerable insured institutions ultimately fail. As a result of these risks, the FDIC believes that it is reasonably possible that the DIF could incur additional estimated losses of approximately $919 million as of December 31, 2016, as compared to $800 million as of year-end 2015. The actual losses, if any, will largely depend on future economic and market conditions and could differ materially from this estimate.
During 2016, five institutions failed with combined assets of $265 million at the date of failure. Recent trends in supervisory ratings and market data suggest that the financial performance and condition of the banking industry should continue to improve over the coming year. However, the operating environment remains challenging for banks. Interest rates have been exceptionally low for an extended period, and there are signs of growing credit and liquidity risk. Revenue growth has been modest and margins continue to narrow despite banks’ investments in longer-term assets to mitigate the effect of low rates. Additionally, key risks to the U.S. economic outlook include the effect of increases in interest rates on economic growth; weakness in energy and commodity prices; and slowing growth in several advanced and emerging market economies. The FDIC continues to evaluate ongoing risks to affected institutions in light of existing economic and financial conditions, and the extent to which such risks may put stress on the resources of the insurance fund.
Litigation Losses
The DIF records an estimated loss for unresolved legal cases to the extent that those losses are considered probable and reasonably estimable. The FDIC recorded probable litigation losses of $200 thousand and $386 thousand for the DIF as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. In addition, the FDIC has determined that there are $1 million of reasonably possible losses from unresolved cases as of year-end 2016, compared to $555 thousand at year-end 2015.
8. OTHER CONTINGENCIES
IndyMac Federal Bank Representation and Indemnification Contingent Liability
On March 19, 2009, the FDIC as receiver for IndyMac Federal Bank (IMFB) and certain subsidiaries (collectively, Sellers) sold substantially all of the assets, which included mortgage loans and servicing rights, to OneWest Bank (following a merger is now known as CIT Bank) and its affiliates (collectively, Acquirers). The Sellers made certain representations customarily made by commercial parties in similar transactions. Under the sale agreements, the Acquirers have rights to assert claims to recover losses incurred as a result of third-party claims and breaches of representations. The FDIC, in its corporate capacity, guaranteed the Sellers’ indemnification obligations under the sale agreements. Until all indemnification claims are asserted, quantified and paid, losses could continue to be incurred by the receivership and in turn, the DIF.
The unpaid principal balances of loans in the servicing portfolios sold subject to representation and warranty indemnification totaled $171.6 billion at the time of sale. The IndyMac receivership has paid cumulative claims totaling $30 million and $21 million through December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Quantified claims asserted and under review have been accrued in the amount of $18 million and $1 million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
The Sellers and Acquirers have been conducting negotiations with Fannie Mae regarding the terms of a financial settlement to address indemnification obligations for conventional and reverse mortgage loan portfolios. The settlement for the conventional mortgage loans in the Fannie Mae portfolio has been concluded, but negotiations for the reverse mortgage portfolio continue. The receivership’s payment for settlement of the conventional loans and the estimated loss for the reverse mortgage loans are reflected in the “Receivables from resolutions, net” line item on the Balance Sheet.
The FDIC is evaluating the likelihood of additional losses that may arise as a result of indemnification claims based upon breaches or third party claims. As the Acquirers or Government Sponsored Entities (GSEs) – Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae incur or expect to incur losses, they will assert claims. These claims will be reviewed to determine whether there is a basis for indemnification or reimbursement and, if so, whether any Acquirer may have liability for any portion of the claimed loss as a result of its acts or omissions. While many loans are subject to notices of alleged breaches and a number of third party claims have been asserted, not all breach allegations or third party claims will result in a loss and certain losses may be allocable to the Acquirers. As a result, potential losses, and the Sellers’ share of such losses, cannot be estimated. However, it is probable that future losses will be incurred given the following:
- The Acquirers’ ability to submit breach notices was subject to contractual bar dates that have passed. In addition, their entitlement to reimbursement for certain third party claims is dependent upon those claims having been submitted prior to other contractual dates, some of which have also passed. However, the Acquirers retain the right to assert indemnification claims for losses over the life of those loans for which breach notices were timely submitted.
- The Acquirers retain the right to seek reimbursement for losses incurred as a result of claims alleging breaches of loan seller representations asserted by Fannie Mae or Ginnie Mae on or prior to March 19, 2019, for their reverse mortgage servicing portfolios (unpaid principal balance of $11.7 billion at December 31, 2016, compared to $12.9 billion at December 31, 2015).
- The GSEs have the right to assert certain claims directly against the Sellers for the mortgage servicing portfolios without regard to any contractual claims bar date.
- Potential losses could be incurred for failures by the Sellers to initiate and pursue foreclosure within prescribed timeframes for certain government guaranteed loans, resulting in the refusal of the guarantor to pay interest owed to the investors. Fannie Mae has asserted a claim for $64 million of interest curtailments with respect to reverse loans. Any amounts paid to Fannie Mae will be allocated between the Sellers and the Acquirers. A review of the causes of this claimed loss as well as an allocation of this loss between the Sellers and the Acquirers is in the initial stages.
For all these reasons, the FDIC believes it is likely that additional losses will be incurred. However, quantifying the contingent liability associated with the liabilities to investors and the Acquirers is subject to a number of uncertainties, including market conditions, the occurrence of borrower defaults and resulting foreclosures and losses,and the allocation of liability between the Sellers and the Acquirers. Because of the uncertainties the FDIC has determined that, while additional losses are probable, the amount is not currently estimable.
Purchase and Assumption Indemnification
In connection with purchase and assumption agreements for resolutions, the FDIC, in its receivership capacity, generally indemnifies the purchaser of a failed institution’s assets and liabilities in the event a third party asserts a claim against the purchaser unrelated to the explicit assets purchased or liabilities assumed at the time of failure. The FDIC, in its corporate capacity, is a secondary guarantor if a receivership is unable to pay. These indemnifications generally extend for a term of six years after the date of institution failure. The FDIC is unable to estimate the maximum potential liability for these types of guarantees as the agreements do not specify a maximum amount and any payments are dependent upon the outcome of future contingent events, the nature and likelihood of which cannot be determined at this time. During 2016 and 2015, the FDIC, in its corporate capacity, made no indemnification payments under such agreements, and no amount has been accrued in the accompanying financial statements with respect to these indemnification guarantees.
FDIC Guaranteed Debt of Structured Transactions
The FDIC, as receiver, uses three types of structured transactions to dispose of certain performing and non- performing residential mortgage loans, commercial loans, construction loans, and mortgage-backed securities held by the receiverships. The three types of structured transactions are limited liability companies (LLCs), securitizations, and structured sale of guaranteed notes (SSGNs).
Under the LLC structure, the FDIC, in its receivership capacity, contributed a pool of assets to a newly formed LLC and offered for sale, through a competitive bid process, some of the equity in the LLC. Since 2009, private investors purchased a 40- to 50-percent ownership interest in the LLC structures for $1.6 billion in cash. The LLCs issued notes of $4.4 billion to the receiverships to partially fund the purchase of the assets; these notes were guaranteed by the FDIC, in its corporate capacity. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, no guaranteed LLC notes remain.
Securitizations and SSGNs (collectively, trusts) are transactions in which certain assets or securities from failed institutions are pooled and transferred into a trust structure. The trusts issue senior and/or subordinated debt instruments and owner trust or residual certificates collateralized by the underlying mortgage-backed securities or loans.
Since 2010, private investors purchased the senior notes issued by the trusts for $6.2 billion in cash and the receiverships hold the subordinated debt instruments and owner trust or residual certificates. In exchange for a fee, the FDIC, in its corporate capacity, guarantees the timely payment of principal and interest due on the senior notes, the latest maturity of which is 2050. If the FDIC is required to perform under its guarantees, it acquires an interest in the cash flows of the trust equal to the amount of guarantee payments made plus accrued interest. The subordinated note holders and owner trust or residual certificate holders receive cash flows from the entity only after all expenses have been paid, the guaranteed notes have been satisfied, and the FDIC has been reimbursed for any guarantee payments.
All Structured Transactions with FDIC Guaranteed Debt
Through December 31, 2016, the receiverships have transferred a portfolio of loans with an unpaid principal balance of $16.4 billion and mortgage-backed securities with a book value of $8.8 billion to 14 LLCs and 11 trusts. The LLCs and trusts subsequently issued notes guaranteed by the FDIC in an original principal amount of $10.6 billion. Since March 2013, there have been no new guarantee transactions. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the DIF collected guarantee fees totaling $275 million and $265 million, respectively, and recorded a receivable for additional guarantee fees of $14 million and $26 million, respectively, included in the “Interest receivable on investments and other assets, net” line item on the Balance Sheet. All guarantee fees are recorded as deferred revenue, included in the “Accounts payable and other liabilities” line item on the Balance Sheet, and recognized as revenue primarily on a straight-line basis over the term of the notes. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the amount of deferred revenue recorded was $14 million and $26 million, respectively. Except as discussed below, the DIF records no other structured transaction-related assets or liabilities on its balance sheet.
Any estimated loss to the DIF from the guarantees is based on an analysis of the expected guarantee payments by the FDIC, reimbursements to the FDIC for guarantee payments, and guarantee fee collections. As of December 31, 2016, the FDIC recorded a contingent liability for guarantee payments totaling $2 million for an SSGN transaction beginning in November 2019 up to note maturity in December 2020, and an offsetting receivable due to expected reimbursements. The contingent liability and related receivable are included in the “Contingent liabilities: Litigation losses and other” and “Interest receivable on investments and other assets, net” line items, respectively, on the Balance Sheet. For the same SSGN transaction, as of December 31, 2016, it is reasonably possible that the DIF would be required to make a final guarantee payment of $28 million at note maturity, as compared to payments of $25 million through note maturity as of December 31, 2015. The FDIC expects that all guarantee payments made would be fully reimbursed from the proceeds of the liquidation of the SSGN’s underlying collateral.
For all of the remaining transactions, the estimated cash flows from the trust assets provide sufficient coverage to fully pay the debts. To date, the FDIC, in its corporate capacity, has not provided, and does not intend to provide, any form of financial or other type of support for structured transactions that it was not previously contractually required to provide.
As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the maximum loss exposure was zero for LLCs and $1.1 billion and $1.6 billion for trusts, respectively, representing the sum of all outstanding debt guaranteed by the FDIC.
9. ASSESSMENTS
The FDIC deposit insurance assessment system is mandated by section 7 of the FDI Act and governed by part 327 of title 12 of the Code of Federal Regulations (12 CFR Part 327). The risk-based system requires the payment of quarterly assessments by all IDIs.
In response to the Dodd-Frank Act, the FDIC implemented several changes to the assessment system, amended its Restoration Plan (which is required when the ratio of the DIF balance to estimated insured deposits (reserve ratio) is below the statutorily mandated minimum), and developed a comprehensive, long-term fund management plan. The plan is designed to restore and maintain a positive fund balance for the DIF even during a banking crisis and achieve moderate, steady assessment rates throughout any economic cycle. Summarized below are actions taken to implement requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act and provisions of the comprehensive, long-term fund management plan.
- The FDIC amended the Restoration Plan, which is intended to ensure that the reserve ratio reaches 1.35 percent by September 30, 2020, as required by the Dodd-Frank Act, in lieu of the previous statutory minimum of 1.15 percent by the end of 2016. The FDIC updates, at least semiannually, its loss and income projections for the fund and, if needed, increases or decreases assessment rates, following notice-and-comment rulemaking, if required.
- The FDIC Board of Directors designates a reserve ratio for the DIF and publishes the designated reserve ratio (DRR) before the beginning of each calendar year, as required by the FDI Act. Accordingly, in September 2016, the FDIC adopted a final rule maintaining the DRR at 2 percent for 2017. The DRR is an integral part of the FDIC’s comprehensive, long-term management plan for the DIF and is viewed as a long-range, minimum target for the reserve ratio.
- The FDIC adopted a final rule that suspends dividends indefinitely, and, in lieu of dividends, adopts lower assessment rate schedules when the reserve ratio reaches 1.15 percent, 2 percent, and 2.5 percent.
As of June 30, 2016, the reserve ratio of the DIF reached percent. As a result of the ratio exceeding 1.15 percent, assessment rates were modified as follows, beginning with the quarter ending September 30, 2016.
- Lower regular assessment rates became effective for all IDIs pursuant to final rules published in February 2011 and May 2016.
- A new risk-based method for calculating assessment rates became effective for institutions with less than $10 billion in total assets (small banks) pursuant to the final rule published in May 2016. The revised method is designed to be revenue-neutral, but helps ensure that banks that take on greater risks pay more for deposit insurance.
Additionally, the Dodd-Frank Act requires that the FDIC offset the effect of increasing the minimum reserve ratio from 1.15 percent to 1.35 percent on small banks. To implement this requirement, the FDIC imposed a surcharge to the regular quarterly assessments of IDIs with $10 billion or more in assets (larger institutions), beginning with the quarter ending September 30, 2016. Pursuant to a final rule published in March 2016:
- The surcharge generally equals an annual rate of 4.5 basis points applied to a larger institution’s regular quarterly assessment base (with certain adjustments). The FDIC projects that surcharges will last eight quarters.
- The FDIC will impose a shortfall assessment on larger institutions to achieve the minimum reserve ratio of 1.35 percent by the September 30, 2020 statutory deadline, if the reserve ratio has not reached 1.35 percent by the end of 2018.
- The FDIC will provide assessment credits to small banks for the portion of their assessments that contribute to the growth in the reserve ratio between 1.15 percent and 1.35 percent to ensure that the effect of reaching 1.35 percent is fully borne by the larger institutions. The assessment credits will be determined and allocated as soon as practicable after the reserve ratio reaches 1.35 percent. In each quarter that the reserve ratio is at least 1.38 percent, the credits will be used to fully offset a small institution’s quarterly insurance assessment, until credits are exhausted.
Assessment Revenue
Annual assessment rates averaged approximately 6.6 cents per $100 of the assessment base through June 30, 2016. Annual assessment rates averaged approximately 7.4 cents per $100 for the second half of 2016, reflecting both lower regular assessment rates for all IDIs and assessment surcharges on larger institutions. While the assessment rate schedule applicable to all IDIs decreased, some IDIs’ rates increased because of the small bank pricing method change and/or the deterioration of their financial condition. Annual assessment rates averaged approximately 6.5 cents per $100 of the assessment base during 2015. The assessment base is generally defined as average consolidated total assets minus average tangible equity (measured as Tier 1 capital) of an IDI during the assessment period.
The “Assessments receivable, net” line item on the Balance Sheet of $2.7 billion and $2.2 billion represents the estimated premiums due from IDIs for the fourth quarter of 2016 and 2015, respectively. The actual deposit insurance assessments for the fourth quarter of 2016 will be billed and collected at the end of the first quarter of 2017. During 2016 and 2015, $10.0 billion and $8.8 billion, respectively, were recognized as assessment revenue from institutions, including $2.4 billion in surcharges from large IDIs in 2016.
Reserve Ratio
As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the DIF reserve ratio was 1.18 percent and 1.11 percent, respectively.
Assessments Related to FICO
Assessments continue to be levied on institutions for payments of the interest on obligations issued by the Financing Corporation (FICO). The FICO was established as a mixed-ownership government corporation to function solely as a financing vehicle for the former FSLIC. The annual FICO interest obligation of approximately $790 million is paid on a pro rata basis using the same rate for banks and thrifts. The FICO assessment has no financial impact on the DIF and is separate from deposit insurance assessments. The FDIC, as administrator of the DIF, acts solely as a collection agent for the FICO. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, approximately $794 million and $798 million, respectively, was collected and remitted to the FICO.
10. OPERATING EXPENSES
The “Operating expenses” line item on the Statement of Income and Fund Balance consisted of the following components (in thousands).
December 31 2016 |
December 31 2015 |
|
---|---|---|
Salaries and benefits | $1,235,244 | $1,248,146 |
Outside services | 265,492 | 280,050 |
Travel | 92,126 | 97,819 |
Buildings and leased space | 93,518 | 90,945 |
Software/Hardware maintenance | 64,757 | 62,604 |
Depreciation of property and equipment | 50,403 | 52,233 |
Other | 26,191 | 28,314 |
Subtotal | 1,827,731 | 1,860,111 |
Less: Expenses billed to resolution entities and others | (112,720) | (172,877) |
Total | $1,715,011 | $1,687,234 |
11. PROVISION FOR INSURANCE LOSSES
The provision for insurance losses was a negative $1.6 billion for 2016, compared to negative $2.3 billion for 2015. The negative provision for 2016 primarily resulted from a decrease of $1.7 billion in the estimated losses for institutions that failed in current and prior years, partially offset by an increase of $97 million in the contingent liability for anticipated failures.
As described in Note 4, the estimated recoveries from assets held by receiverships and estimated payments related to assets sold by receiverships to acquiring institutions under shared-loss agreements (SLAs) are used to derive the loss allowance on the receivables from resolutions. The $1.7 billion decrease in the estimated losses from failures was primarily attributable to four components. The first component was unanticipated recoveries of $545 million in litigation settlements, professional liability claims, and tax refunds by the receiverships. These are typically not recognized until the cash is received since significant uncertainties surround their recovery.
The second component was a decrease of $584 million in the receiverships’ shared-loss liability primarily due to both the early termination of numerous SLAs during the period, which resulted in lower-than-anticipated losses on covered assets, and the unanticipated recoveries from SLAs where the commercial loss coverage has expired but the recovery period remains active. The third component was a $406 million decrease in the estimated losses from failures that resulted from a reduction in projected future receivership expenses and legal and representation and warranty liabilities. The final component was a $231 million decrease resulting from greater-than-anticipated collections from receiverships’ asset sales and updated estimated recovery rates applied to the remaining assets in liquidation.
12. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
Pension Benefits and Savings Plans
Eligible FDIC employees (permanent and term employees with appointments exceeding one year) are covered by the federal government retirement plans, either the Civil Service Retirement System (CSRS) or the Federal Employees Retirement System (FERS). Although the DIF contributes a portion of pension benefits for eligible employees, it does not account for the assets of either retirement system. The DIF also does not have actuarial data for accumulated plan benefits or the unfunded liability relative to eligible employees. These amounts are reported on and accounted for by the U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM).
Under the Federal Thrift Savings Plan (TSP), the FDIC provides FERS employees with an automatic contribution of 1 percent of pay and an additional matching contribution up to 4 percent of pay. CSRS employees also can contribute to the TSP, but they do not receive agency matching contributions. Eligible FDIC employees may also participate in an FDIC-sponsored tax-deferred 401(k) savings plan with matching contributions up to 5 percent. The expenses for these plans are presented in the table below (in thousands).
December 31 2016 |
December 31 2015 |
|
---|---|---|
Civil Service Retirement System | $3,230 | $3,949 |
Federal Employees Retirement System (Basic Benefit) | 111,368 | 108,056 |
Federal Thrift Savings Plan | 34,966 | 35,140 |
FDIC Savings Plan | 37,499 | 39,767 |
Total | $187,063 | $186,912 |
Postretirement Benefits other than Pensions
The DIF has no postretirement health insurance liability since all eligible retirees are covered by the Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) program. The FEHB is administered and accounted for by the OPM. In addition, OPM pays the employer share of the retiree’s health insurance premiums.
The FDIC provides certain life and dental insurance coverage for its eligible retirees, the retirees’ beneficiaries, and covered dependents. Retirees eligible for life and dental insurance coverage are those who have qualified due to (1) immediate enrollment upon appointment or five years of participation in the plan and (2) eligibility for an immediate annuity. The life insurance program provides basic coverage at no cost to retirees and allows converting optional coverage to direct-pay plans. For the dental coverage, retirees are responsible for a portion of the premium.
The FDIC has elected not to fund the postretirement life and dental benefit liabilities. As a result, the DIF recognized the underfunded status (the difference between the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation and the plan assets at fair value) as a liability. Since there are no plan assets, the plan’s benefit liability is equal to the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation.
Postretirement benefit obligation, gain and loss, and expense information included in the Balance Sheet and Statement of Income and Fund Balance are summarized as follows (in thousands).
December 31 2016 |
December 31 2015 |
|
---|---|---|
Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation recognized in Postretirement benefit liability | $232,201 | $233,000 |
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income: Unrealized postretirement benefit loss |
||
Cumulative net actuarial loss | $(24,212) | $(31,938) |
Prior service cost | (1,535) | (2,110) |
Total | $(25,747) | $(34,048) |
Amounts recognized in other comprehensive income: Unrealized postretirement benefit gain |
||
Actuarial gain | $7,726 | $23,193 |
Prior service credit | 575 | 510 |
Total | $8,301 | $23,703 |
Net amortization out of other comprehensive income included in net periodic benefit cost |
$1,567 | $3,842 |
Expected amortization of accumulated other comprehensive income into net periodic benefit cost is summarized as follows (in thousands).
December 31, 2017 | |
---|---|
Prior service costs | $575 |
Net actuarial loss | 79 |
Total | $654 |
The annual postretirement contributions and benefits paid are included in the table below (in thousands).
December 31 2016 |
December 31 2015 |
|
---|---|---|
Employer contributions | $6,388 | $6,064 |
Plan participants’ contributions |
$739 | $728 |
Benefits paid | $(7,126) | $(6,792) |
The expected contributions for the period ending December 31, 2017, are $7.5 million. Expected future benefit payments for each of the next 10 years are presented in the following table (in thousands).
2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022-2026 | $6,720 |
$7,195 |
$7,686 |
$8,226 |
$8,780 |
$53,075 |
---|
Assumptions used to determine the amount of the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation and the net periodic benefit costs are summarized as follows (in thousands).
December 31 2016 |
December 31 2015 |
|
---|---|---|
Discount rate for future benefits (benefit obligation) |
4.67% | 4.29% |
Rate of compensation increase |
3.90% | 3.70% |
Discount rate (benefit cost) |
4.29% | 4.00% |
Dental health care cost-trend rate | ||
Assumed for next year | 4.50% | 4.70% |
Ultimate | 4.50% | 4.50% |
Year rate will reach ultimate |
2017 | 2017 |
13. COMMITMENTS AND OFF-BALANCE-SHEET EXPOSURE
Commitments:
Leased Space
The DIF leased space expense totaled $48 million and $47 million for 2016 and 2015, respectively. The FDIC’s lease commitments total $165 million for future years. The lease agreements contain escalation clauses resulting in adjustments, usually on an annual basis. Future minimum lease commitments are as follows (in thousands).
2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2021/ Thereafter |
$43,715 |
$34,262 |
$30,681 |
$16,283 |
$11,632 |
$28,337 |
---|
Off-Balance-Sheet Exposure:
Deposit Insurance
Estimates of insured deposits are derived primarily from quarterly financial data submitted by IDIs to the FDIC and represent the accounting loss that would be realized if all IDIs were to fail and the acquired assets provided no recoveries. As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, estimated insured deposits for the DIF were $6.8 trillion and $6.5 trillion, respectively.
14. DISCLOSURES ABOUT THE FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Financial assets recognized and measured at fair value on a recurring basis at each reporting date include cash equivalents (see Note 2) and the investment in U.S. Treasury securities (see Note 3). The DIF’s financial assets measured at fair value consisted of the following components (in millions).
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
Total Assets at Fair Value |
|
---|---|---|---|---|
Assets | ||||
Cash equivalents1 | $ 1,326 | $ 1,326 | ||
Available-for-Sale Debt Securities | ||||
Investment in U.S. Treasury securities2 | 73,512 | 73,512 | ||
Total Assets | $74,838 | $0 | $0 | $74,838 |
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
Total Assets at Fair Value |
|
---|---|---|---|---|
Assets | ||||
Cash equivalents1 | $862 | $862 | ||
Available-for-Sale Debt Securities | ||||
Investment in U.S. Treasury securities2 | 62,497 | 62,497 | ||
Total Assets | $63,359 | $0 | $0 | $63,359 |
1Cash equivalents are Special U.S. Treasury Certificates with overnight maturities valued at prevailing interest rates established by the Bureau of the Fiscal Service.
2The investment in U.S. Treasury securities is measured based on prevailing market yields for federal government entities.
Some of the DIF’s financial assets and liabilities are not recognized at fair value but are recorded at amounts that approximate fair value due to their short maturities and/or comparability with current interest rates. Such items include assessments receivable, interest receivable on investments, other short-term receivables, and accounts payable and other liabilities.
The net receivables from resolutions primarily include the DIF’s subrogated claim arising from obligations to insured depositors. The resolution entity assets that will ultimately be used to pay the corporate subrogated claim are valued using discount rates that include consideration of market risk. These discounts ultimately affect the DIF’s allowance for loss against the receivables from resolutions. Therefore, the corporate subrogated claim indirectly includes the effect of discounting and should not be viewed as being stated in terms of nominal cash flows.
Although the value of the corporate subrogated claim is influenced by the valuation of resolution entity assets (see Note 4), such valuation is not equivalent to the valuation of the corporate claim. Since the corporate claim is unique, not intended for sale to the private sector, and has no established market, it is not practicable to estimate a fair value.
The FDIC believes that a sale to the private sector of the corporate claim would require indeterminate, but substantial, discounts for an interested party to profit from these assets because of credit and other risks. In addition, the timing of resolution entity payments to the DIF on the subrogated claim does not necessarily correspond with the timing of collections on resolution entity assets. Therefore, the effect of discounting used by resolution entities should not necessarily be viewed as producing an estimate of fair value for the net receivables from resolutions.
15. INFORMATION RELATING TO THE STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
The following table presents a reconciliation of net income to net cash from operating activities (in thousands).
December 31 2016 |
December 31 2015 |
|
---|---|---|
Operating Activities | ||
Net Income: | $10,523,517 | $9,856,688 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||
Amortization of U.S. Treasury securities | 977,245 | 1,411,376 |
Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities inflation adjustment | (5,578) | 12,465 |
Depreciation on property and equipment | 50,403 | 52,233 |
Loss on retirement of property and equipment | 1,607 | 2,415 |
Provision for insurance losses | (1,567,950) | (2,251,320) |
Unrealized gain on postretirement benefits | 8,301 | 23,703 |
Change in Assets and Liabilities: | ||
(Increase) in assessments receivable | (493,795) | (169,048) |
(Increase) Decrease in interest receivable and other assets | (107,749) | 242,128 |
Decrease in receivables from resolutions | 5,437,632 | 7,425,888 |
(Decrease) in accounts payable and other liabilities | (34,249) | (18,435) |
(Decrease) in postretirement benefit liability | (799) | (10,419) |
Increase in contingent liabilities - litigation losses and other | 2,389 | 0 |
(Decrease) in liabilities due to resolutions | (2,345,820) | (3,380,084) |
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities | $12,445,154 | $13,197,590 |
16. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Subsequent events have been evaluated through February 8, 2017, the date the financial statements are available to be issued.
FDIC v. BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.
On January 9, 2017, the FDIC filed suit in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia alleging that Bank of America, N.A. (BoA) underpaid its insurance assessment from the second quarter of 2013 through the fourth quarter of 2014 by approximately $542 million, inclusive of interest. During this period, the FDIC alleges that BoA understated its counterparty exposure which resulted in the significant underpayment of insurance assessments. The FDIC reserved its right to amend the complaint to include additional monies believed to be owed for periods prior to this time frame. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the impacts of this pending litigation are not reflected in the financial statements of the DIF.
2017 FAILURES THROUGH FEBRUARY 8, 2017
Through February 8, 2017, two insured institutions failed in 2017 with total losses to the DIF estimated to be $80 million.